IR Sensors & Remotes

1. Definition

IR (Infrared) Sensors detect infrared light, which is invisible to our eyes but can be used for communication or object detection.
They are commonly paired with IR Remotes to send commands wirelessly, similar to how your TV remote works.

IR sensors can also detect objects or measure short distances by detecting reflected IR light.

IR sensor module

IR Remote and Receiver Module

IR remote and receiver

2. Features

  • Wireless Communication: Send and receive commands without wires.
  • Short Range: Typically works within 1–5 meters for remotes, a few centimeters for object detection.
  • Low Cost: Affordable for most projects.
  • Multiple Uses: Remote control, object detection, line-following robots, and automation.
  • Easy to Interface: Works with Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and other microcontrollers.

4. How to Use

4.1. Identify the Pins

  • For IR Receiver Module (e.g., VS1838B):
    • OUT: Signal output pin.
    • GND: Ground connection.
    • VCC: 3.3V or 5V power input.
  • For IR Emitter LED: Just like a normal LED, but emits IR light.
  • For IR Obstacle Sensor Module:
    • VCC → Power input.
    • GND → Ground.
    • OUT → Digital output (HIGH/LOW).

4.2. Choose the Right Module

  • Remote + Receiver Kit: For controlling devices with an IR remote.
  • IR Obstacle Sensor: For detecting objects in front of the sensor.
  • Line Sensor Array: For detecting black/white lines in robotics.

4.3. Connect It Correctly

  • IR Receiver to Arduino:
    • VCC → 5V
    • GND → GND
    • OUT → Any digital pin (e.g., D2)
  • Obstacle Sensor to Arduino:
    • Same wiring, but OUT pin will go HIGH or LOW depending on object detection.
  • Keep the receiver facing the remote for reliable signal.

4.4. Test It

  • For remotes:
    • Use the Arduino IRremote library to read button codes in the Serial Monitor.
    • Save these codes to trigger actions (e.g., turn on an LED).
  • For object sensors:
    • Place an object in front and see if the module’s onboard LED lights up.
    • Read the output pin in Arduino to see detection status.

4.5. Mount Securely

  • On breadboard: Use jumper wires.
  • On robots/projects: Fix in place so the sensor faces the correct direction.
  • Avoid bright sunlight, it can interfere with IR signals.

Tip: IR remotes work best indoors, as sunlight contains infrared light that can cause interference.

5. Video Explanation

video coming soon