NeoPixel (Addressable RGB LEDs)

1. Definition

NeoPixels are a type of addressable RGB LED, most commonly based on the WS2812 or SK6812 chips.
They allow control of each LED’s color and brightness individually using just one data pin from a microcontroller.

This makes them great for creating colorful effects, animations, and displays.

NeoPixel strip example

NeoPixel strip cutting

2. How They Work

  • Each NeoPixel has a tiny microchip built-in that receives data and controls the LED.
  • You can chain many NeoPixels together (strips, rings, or matrices).
  • Communication happens using a special timing-based one-wire protocol.

3. Applications

  • Colorful Lighting Effects (rainbows, fades, flashing patterns).
  • Music Visualizers that react to sound.
  • Gaming/Arcade Projects for interactive light displays.
  • Wearables and Decorations like glowing costumes or LED art.

4. Wiring

  • VCC (5V) → Power supply.
  • GND → Ground.
  • DIN → Data input (from Arduino or other board).
  • Optional: DOUT → Connects to the next NeoPixel in the chain.

Important Note: Use a large capacitor (1000µF, 6.3V or higher) and a resistor (330–470Ω) on the data line to protect the LEDs.

5. Video Explanation

Video coming soon